天然药材

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

行气活血止痛。

Promoting qi circulation, activating blood circulation, and relieving pain.

主治 Indications

脘腹胁痛，跌打损伤，骨折。

Epigastric pain, abdominal pain, rib pain, contusions, sprains, fractures.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，1.5-6g；鲜品捣汁或浸酒。外用：适量，捣敷。

Internal use: Decoction, 1.5-6g; fresh product mashed into juice or soaked in alcohol. External use: appropriate amount, mashed for application.

化学成分 Chemical Components

1、岷江蓝雪花：根含有白花丹素。

Min Jiang Blue Snowflower: The root contains plumbagin.

2、蓝雪花：根中含有白花丹素，即2-甲基-5-羟基-1,4-萘醌。

2. Blue Snowflower: The root contains plumbagin, which is 2-methyl-5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

1、抑制肠管作用：本品酊剂对家兔正常或兴奋的离体肠管均有抑制作用，这种作用可能与本品的抗乙酰胆碱的作用有关；对氯化钡引起的肠肌兴奋也有抑制作用。根中分离出一种含有酚基醌类化合物，对兔离体肠管平滑肌有抑制作用。

Inhibitory effect on intestinal tract: The tincture of this product has an inhibitory effect on the normal or excited isolated intestines of rabbits, which may be related to its anti-acetylcholine effect; it also has an inhibitory effect on the intestinal muscle excitement caused by barium chloride. A compound containing phenolic quinone compounds was isolated from the roots, which has an inhibitory effect on the smooth muscle of isolated rabbit intestines.

2、止血作用：将兔及狗肝叶部分切除，或将狗股动脉切开，用本品的根浸膏粉撒于切口处，稍加压迫，有良好的止血效果。

2. Hemostatic effect: When a portion of the liver of rabbits and dogs is removed, or when the femoral artery of a dog is incised, sprinkling the root decoction powder of this product on the incision and applying slight pressure shows a good hemostatic effect.

3、抗菌作用：本品的根粉、根皮粉、根浸膏粉对金黄色葡萄球菌、破伤风杆菌均有抑制作用。由根中分离出的白花丹素对许多细菌具有强大抑制作用，但加入10%的血清则使其活性降低2-8倍。在体外试验1mg/ml浓度对流感病毒有效。

3. Antibacterial effect: The root powder, root bark powder, and root decoction powder of this product have inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium tetani. The isolated compound from the root, plumbagin, has a strong inhibitory effect on many bacteria, but its activity is reduced by 2-8 times when 10% serum is added. In vitro experiments have shown effectiveness against the influenza virus at a concentration of 1mg/ml.

4、其他作用：根中所含白花丹素，对小鼠有明显的祛痰作用，对肌肉组织呈双相作用，小量兴奋，大量麻痹；并促进汗、尿和胆汁的排泄。

4. Other effects: Plumbagin contained in the roots has a significant expectorant effect on mice, exhibits a biphasic effect on muscle tissue—small amounts are stimulating while large amounts cause paralysis; it also promotes the excretion of sweat, urine, and bile.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

1、《贵州草药》：“活血止痛，化瘀生新。”

"Guizhou Herbal Medicine": "Promotes blood circulation to relieve pain, resolves stasis and generates new tissue."

2、南药《中草药学》：“消炎止痛，祛风湿。主治平滑肌痉挛引起的胃、肠、胆道系统疾患的疼痛，气管炎。”

2. "Chinese Herbal Medicine in Southern China": "Anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving, dispels wind and dampness. Mainly used to treat pain caused by smooth muscle spasms in the stomach, intestines, biliary system, and tracheitis."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治跌打损伤：转子蓬15g。泡酒服。

Treatment for bruises and injuries: 15g of Rotzeria pungens. Soak in alcohol and take orally.

2、治骨折：转子莲、刺老包根各等分。捣绒包患处。（1-2方出自《贵州草药》）

2. Treatment for fractures: Equal parts of Rotzeria lotus and Oldenlandia corymbosa roots. Crush and apply to the affected area. (Formulas 1–2 are from "Guizhou Herbal Medicine")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，切碎，晒干或鲜用。

Harvest in summer or autumn, chop, dry in the sun or use fresh.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：白花丹科蓝雪花属岷江蓝雪花、蓝雪花。

The species Plumbago zeylanica and Plumbago auriculata belong to the genus Plumbago, family Plumbaginaceae.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

1、岷江蓝雪花：落叶半灌木，高达2m。具开散分枝。地下茎暗褐色；地上茎红褐色；芽鳞鳞片状，通常见于低位的枝条上。叶互生，叶柄基部有时扩张成一抱茎的环或环状短鞘；叶片倒卵状菱形，横生于枝条中部者最大，花序下部者常为披针形，长2-5cm，宽1.2-1.8cm，先端渐尖或急尖，基部楔形，两面均被糙毛状长硬毛和细小的钙质颗粒。花序顶生和腋生，通常含3-7花；苞片卵状长圆形至长圆形，小苞片较小，苞片及萼均具缘毛；花萼长管状，绿色，硬膜质，5深裂，被毛，边缘带紫红色；花冠高脚碟状，长2-2.6cm，筒部红紫色，裂片蓝色，5裂，亮绿色，倒卵形，先端中央内凹而有小短尖；雄蕊着生于花冠管的中部，花药紫红色；子房具5棱。朔果盖裂；种子黑褐色。花期6-10月，果期7-11月。

Min Jiang Blue Snowflower: Deciduous subshrub up to 2m tall, with spreading branches. Underground stems dark brown; aboveground stems reddish-brown. Bud scales scale-like, usually found on lower branches. Leaves alternate, petiole base sometimes expanded into a sheathing ring or short sheath around the stem. Leaf blade inversely rhombic-ovate, largest at mid-stem, smaller and lanceolate below inflorescence, 2–5 cm long, 1.2–1.8 cm wide, apex gradually or abruptly acute, base cuneate, both surfaces covered with rough stiff hairs and small calcareous granules. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, usually with 3–7 flowers. Bracts ovate-oblong to oblong, bracteoles smaller; both bracts and sepals have ciliate margins. Calyx tubular, green, coriaceous, deeply 5-lobed, hairy, margin purplish-red. Corolla salverform, 2–2.6 cm long, tube reddish-purple, limb blue, 5-lobed, bright green, obovate, apex slightly notched with a small mucro. Stamens inserted at middle of corolla tube, anthers purple-red. Ovary 5-ridged. Capsule septicidal; seeds dark brown. Flowering from June to October, fruiting from July to November.

2、蓝雪花：半灌木，高约35cm。茎枝基部无芽鳞，沿节多少呈“之”字形曲折。单叶互生；叶片宽大，宽卵形或倒卵形，长达75cm，先端渐窄，基部楔形，全缘。花序头状；花萼不具腺毛，长管状，硬膜质，5深裂；花冠高脚碟状，裂片5，广展，深蓝色，直径达1cm以上；雄蕊5，着生于冠管上；子房上位，1室，胚珠1颗，花柱5，合生。果为一膜质、盖裂的蒴果。花期7-9月，果期8-10月。

2. Blue Snowflower: Subshrub about 35 cm tall. Base of stems lacks bud scales, nodes somewhat zigzag. Leaves alternate; blades broad, broadly ovate or obovate, up to 7.5 cm long (note: original '75cm' corrected as likely typo), apex gradually narrowed, base cuneate, margins entire. Inflorescence capitate. Calyx without glandular hairs, tubular, coriaceous, deeply 5-lobed. Corolla salverform, 5-lobed, widely spreading, deep blue, over 1 cm in diameter. Five stamens inserted on corolla tube. Ovary superior, single-celled, with one ovule; five styles fused. Fruit a membranous capsule dehiscing by a lid. Flowering from July to September, fruiting from August to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

1、岷江蓝雪花：分布于西南及甘肃、西藏等地。

Min Jiang Blue Snowflower: Distributed in Southwest China, Gansu, Tibet, and other regions.

2、蓝雪花：分布于河北、山西、江苏、浙江、河南等地。各地常有栽培。

2. Blue Snowflower: Distributed in Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan, and other regions. Commonly cultivated in various areas.

生长环境 Growing Environment

1、岷江蓝雪花：生于排水良好的山坡上，路旁阴处。

Min Jiang Blue Snowflower: Grows on well-drained slopes and shady places along roads.

2、蓝雪花：生于山坡上。

2. Blue Snowflower: Grows on mountain slopes.